Newbie grader question II

[linkasaur-migration]

What the heck is "foxing" in relation to grading a comic. I've seen that term a few times, but I can't seem to figure out what it means!

 

Thanks in advance for looking!

[DiceX]

Foxing starts as little spots on the comic.

It can range from yellow to brownish in color.

I've seen books with it pretty severe and covering almost the entire book.

 

Here's an example...

[OldGuy]

Foxing on these forums.

 

Foxing on google.

[divad]

One step further,

 

foxing

[VintageComics]

One step further,

 

foxing

 

Take it easy, professor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[divad]

One step further,

 

foxing

 

Take it easy, professor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[VintageComics]

I dunno...just seemed real scientific...your link...like...y'know

[divad]

I dunno...just seemed real scientific...your link...like...y'know

 

Here's the edited version (for those that don't like to read too much):

 

Foxing, the common designation for the small brown spots that appear in old papers, is a mystery yet to be resolved. Its exact nature and cause remain uncertain. Dard Hunter noted that books papers before 1501 seldom showed signs of foxing and attributed its occurance after that date to the increased demand for paper which caused paper makers to reduce the amount of water used and did not allow enough time for "the proper cleansing of the fibers."6 In the 1920's Beckwith found that foxing was usually associated with the presence of iron in the paper,7 leading others to believe that it is the result of metals left in the paper during manufacture, and that it's incidence coincided with the invention of the Hollander beater in the late 17th century. While trace elements of iron may be a necessary component, the presence of foxing, called hoshi (stars), in very old Japanese papers produced using traditional beating and sheet formation techniques would seem to indicate that iron left in the paper as a result of Western manufacturing processes is not the sole cause. Though foxing has yet to be produced on demand in the laboratory, many now believe foxing to be a form of micro-biological growth. In 1984, a Japanese researcher, using a scanning electron microscope isolated and identified the fungi Aspergillus glaucus and Aspergillus restrictus which he believes to be the cause of foxing.8 Whatever the cause, it seems certain that its incidence is increased by high temperatures, high humidity, and by proximity to poor quality materials. That it does indeed damage paper is evidenced by differential wetting characteristics of foxed papers during conservation treatment.

 

[jimm94]

Yet another informative link from the forum's resident Mycologist!

 

BTW, Amy says "Thanks!" for the composting advice. She drained her composting thingie-doo last night and there was a lot of water collected in there. Also, the "activator" ingredient or whatever it's called for her composting thingie-doo is Bokashi.

[linkasaur-migration]

Thanks for clearing that up, everyone. I appreciate the replies.

 

I shall have to research this mysterious "Google" that you speak of in more detail.

 

Where could I find more information about that?